雅思阅读文需要注意的考点

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读文章时特别要注意的考点一

文章每段话首二句中的疑问句、转折句、过渡句

按照西方人的思维方式，写作的时候一般情况下会给出每段话的中心思维，而这个中心句通常会放在每段话的开头，所以这样的写作特色对于“Heading”题的帮忙会很大。如果在段落的首二句中出现了“疑问句、转折句、过渡句”这三种句型，一般情况下就是对相应段落的段意概述。

例子一：疑问句

剑7 TEST 3 Passage 2 E段*句话：“How far does other research support these conclusions?”，根据这句话，我们可以猜想到：这段话下面的内容肯定是讲“其他研究是如何来支持这些结论的”，所以*句就是这段话的“中心句”，它与“List of Heading”中的“vi: Further genetic evidence relating to the three-wave theory”意思相对应，所以这段话的段意是“vi”。

例子二：疑问句

剑7 TEST 1 Passage 2 G段*句话：“What explains this remarkable turn of events?”，根据这句话，我们可以猜想到下面的内容肯定是对“his remarkable turn of events”的解释，对照文章后发现，从第二句话开始讲：“Two factors: people have figured out how to use water more efficiently, ...”，这很明显是对*句的延伸，所以*句话是这段话的中心句，它所对应的Heading是：“ii: An explanation for reduced water use”。

例子三：转折句

剑7 TEST 3 Passage 2 A段首二句：“Study of the origins and distribution of human populations used to be based on archaeological and fossil evidence. A number of techniques developed since the 1950s, however, have placed the study of these subjects on a sounder and more objective footing.”，这段第二句出现了转折句，说明是这段话的中心句，和“Heading”中的“iv: Developments in the methods used to study early population movements”完全对应，而且题目和文章之间出现了同义替换：“Heading”中的“developments”和“methods”分别对应文章中的“developed”和“techniques”。

例子四：过渡句

剑9 TEST 1 Passage 2 C段*句话：“Even when we make these assumptions, our understanding of other life forms is still severely limited.”根据这句话我们可以猜到：上一段话肯定是作了很多假设(assumptions)，而这一段讲：即使我们做出这些假设，我们对于其他生命形式的理解依然受到了限制。所以根据这句话，我们可以找到上一段话的“Heading”是：“iv: Assumptions underlying the search for extra-terrestrial intelligence”。

例子五：过渡句

剑7 TEST 1 Passage 2 D段*句话：“The consequences of our water policies extend beyond jeopardising human health.(我们水政策的影响超出了危害人类健康的层面)”，通过这一句话，我们可以猜出两方面的信息：一、上一段话讲的是我们的水政策对人类健康的危害;二、本段会讲我们水政策的影响除了危害人类健康还危害到了什么。根据这个猜测，所以上一段的“Heading”应该是：“v: The relevance to health”。

读文章时特别要注意的考点一

文章中的转折词和强调性词

这些词汇有：particularly, in particular, essentially, in essential, specifically, obviously, clearly, fortunately, unexpectedly, specially, in fact, turn out, ...

因为在出题的时候，出题人经常会对文章的重点内容作详细考查，检测考生能不能快速抓住文章重点，而这些词之后的内容就是一篇文章的重点，所以这些词之后的内容特别容易成为考点内容。

例子一：

剑9 TEST 3 Passage 3 B段有一句话：“While at Bell Laboratories, Shannon developed information theory, but shunned the resulting acclaim.”，文章中“but”之后的内容*到：“Shannon避开了应得的称赞”。文章后第29题：“a reference to Shanno`s attitude to fame”考到了这句话的信息。

例子二：

剑5 TEST 1 Passage 2 A段有一句话：“Specifically, Milgram told each volunteer teacher-subject that the experiment was in the noble cause of education, and was designed to test whether or not punishing pupils for their mistakes would have a positive effect on the pupils ability to learn.”，这句话放在了强调性词“Specifically”之后，文章后第15题“the explanation Milgram gave the teacher-subjects for the experiment”考查的就是这句话的信息。

在整个剑桥系列真题和新版雅思OG上，有大量的阅读真题是根据文章中转折词和强调性词之后的内容所设计出来的，这一点，在大家做完题后总结的时候可以作进一步的验证。

读文章时特别要注意的考点三

文章中的固定搭配

文章中的“As...as...(...和...一样)”结构经常成为“判断题”的出题点，所以如果在文章中读到一定要特别注意。

例子一：

剑5 TEST 1 Passage 1 C段有一句话：“It is highly appropriate that Dr Samuel Johnson, the very model of an eighteenth-century literary man, as famous in his own time as in ours, should have published his Dictionary at the very beginning of the heyday of the middle class.”出现了“as...as...”结构，表示Samuel Johnson在他的时代和在我们的时代一样出名，文章第9题“Johnson has become more well known since his death.”对这句话作了考查，所以第9题应该选择“FALSE”。

例子二：

剑7 TEST 1 Passage 2 A段有一句话：“At the height of the Roman Empire, nine major systems, with an innovative layout of pipes and well-bUIlt sewers, supplied the occupants of Rome with as much water per person as is provided in many parts of the industrial world today.”，这句*到两个时期用的水是一样多的，考题21“Water use per person is higher in the industrial world than it was in Ancient Rome.”讲到“工业社会每个人的用水量要比古罗马时期每个人的用水量要高”，所以这个题也选择“FALSE”。

例子三：

剑9 TEST 3 Passage 1 A段有一句话：“Arguments can start as easily over minor points of usage as over major policies of lingUIstic education.”，这句话的内容是“两种争论都可以轻易地发生，他们发生的难易程度是一样的”。文章后考题2讲到：“People feel more ly about language education than about small differences in language usage(人们对于语言教育要比对于小的语言用法的感知程度更强烈).”，所以这道题也选择“FALSE”。